Question:

1. What is meant by algorithm and flowchart?
2. What is the relationship between flowcharts and algorithms?
3. Explain the need for flowcharts and list basic symbols used in flowcharts

Algorithm: An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of rules to be followed in calculations or problem-solving operations. It’s a clear, precise, and unambiguous sequence of instructions designed to solve a problem or perform a specific task.

Flowchart: A flowchart is a graphical representation of an algorithm or a process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting these with arrows. It provides a visual representation of the steps involved in a process, making it easier to understand and analyze.

Relationship between Flowcharts and Algorithms: Flowcharts and algorithms are closely related in that a flowchart visually represents the steps outlined in an algorithm. The flowchart uses symbols to represent different types of actions or steps, similar to how an algorithm uses structured instructions. Essentially, a flowchart serves as a graphical way to illustrate and communicate the logic of an algorithm.

Need for Flowcharts: Flowcharts are useful for several reasons:

1. Visualization: They provide a visual representation of a process, making it easier to understand and analyze the sequence of steps.
2. Communication: They facilitate clear communication of complex processes between different stakeholders.
3. Analysis: They help in identifying inefficiencies, redundancies, or areas for improvement in a process.
4. Documentation: They serve as documentation of processes, aiding in training, troubleshooting, and future reference.

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharts: Flowcharts use various symbols to represent different elements of a process. Here are some basic symbols commonly used:

• Oval: Used to indicate the start or end of a process.
• Rectangle: Represents a process or action.
• Diamond: Used for decision-making points (yes/no questions).
• Parallelogram: Represents input or output of data.
• Arrow: Shows the flow or direction of the process.

These symbols are connected by arrows or lines to show the sequence of steps or actions in the process flow.

Understanding flowcharts and algorithms together helps in both designing solutions logically and presenting them visually for better comprehension and analysis.

Problem Statement: Create an algorithm and flowchart to determine if a number is even or odd.

Algorithm:

1. Start
2. Input the number (let’s denote it as num).
3. Check if num % 2 == 0.
4. If true, output “Number is even”.
5. If false, output “Number is odd”.
6. End
7.